Grupos económicos y bonanza minera en el Perú

Abstract

El artículo analiza las estrategias organizacionales de los cinco grupos económicosnacionales de mayor importancia en la minería peruana –Buenaventura, Brescia,Volcan, Hochschild y Milpo– durante la primera década del presente siglo, periodocaracterizado por una sostenida bonanza minera –debida al alza del preciointernacional de los metales– y por acentuados conflictos socioambientales. Eneste inédito contexto, los grupos mineros fortalecieron sus espaldas financierasgracias a las ganancias extraordinarias que obtuvieron, reformularon susestrategias empresariales en respuesta a los conflictos socioambientales,reforzaron –con excepción del grupo Milpo– su característica principal de estarbajo control y propiedad de familias peruanas e iniciaron la internacionalizaciónde sus inversiones.

This paper analyzes the organizational strategies of the five most important national economic groups in the Peruvian mining industry – Buenaventura, Brescia, Volcan, Hochschild, and Milpo – during the first decade of this century, a period characterized by a sustained mining boom resulting from rising international prices of metals and by increased socio-environmental conflicts. In the unprecedented context of the boom, these mining groups strengthened their finances as a result of windfall profits, reformulated their business strategies in response to socio-environmental conflicts, reinforced (with the exception of Milpo Group) their principal characteristic as enterprises under the control and ownership of Peruvian families, and initiated the internationalization of their investments.